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Compare Antigua and Barbuda (2003) - Jan Mayen (2002)

Compare Antigua and Barbuda (2003) z Jan Mayen (2002)

 Antigua and Barbuda (2003)Jan Mayen (2002)
 Antigua and BarbudaJan Mayen
Administrative divisions 6 parishes and 2 dependencies*; Barbuda*, Redonda*, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Mary, Saint Paul, Saint Peter, Saint Philip -
Age structure 0-14 years: 28.1% (male 9,706; female 9,371)


15-64 years: 67.4% (male 22,929; female 22,845)


65 years and over: 4.5% (male 1,218; female 1,828) (2003 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products cotton, fruits, vegetables, bananas, coconuts, cucumbers, mangoes, sugarcane; livestock -
Airports 3 (2002) 1 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)		 -
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)		 total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Area total: 443 sq km (Antigua 280 sq km; Barbuda 161 sq km)


land: 443 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Redonda, 1.6 sq km		 total: 373 sq km


land: 373 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Background The Siboney were the first to inhabit the islands of Antigua and Barbuda in 2400 B.C., but Arawak and Carib Indians populated the islands when Columbus landed on his second voyage in 1493. Early settlements by the Spanish and French were succeeded by the English who formed a colony in 1667. Slavery, established to run the sugar plantations on Antigua, was abolished in 1834. The islands became an independent state within the British Commonwealth of Nations in 1981. This desolate, mountainous island was named after a Dutch whaling captain who indisputably discovered it in 1614 (earlier claims are inconclusive). Visited only occasionally by seal hunters and trappers over the following centuries, the island came under Norwegian sovereignty in 1929. The long dormant Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg volcano resumed activity in 1970; it is the northernmost active volcano on earth.
Birth rate 18.23 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) -
Budget revenues: $123.7 million


expenditures: $145.9 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)		 -
Capital Saint John's -
Climate tropical marine; little seasonal temperature variation arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog
Coastline 153 km 124.1 km
Constitution 1 November 1981 -
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Antigua and Barbuda		 conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Jan Mayen
Currency East Caribbean dollar (XCD) -
Death rate 5.64 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) -
Debt - external $231 million (1999) -
Dependency status - territory of Norway; administered from Oslo through a governor (sysselmann) resident in Longyearbyen (Svalbard); however, authority has been delegated to a station commander of the Norwegian Defense Communication Service
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Antigua and Barbuda (embassy closed 30 June 1994); the US Ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Antigua and Barbuda -
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant)


chancery: 3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016


telephone: [1] (202) 362-5211


FAX: [1] (202) 362-5225


consulate(s) general: Miami		 -
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $2.3 million (1995) -
Economy - overview Tourism continues to dominate the economy, accounting for more than half of GDP. Weak tourist arrival numbers since early 2000 have slowed the economy, however, and pressed the government into a tight fiscal corner. The dual-island nation's agricultural production is focused on the domestic market and constrained by a limited water supply and a labor shortage stemming from the lure of higher wages in tourism and construction. Manufacturing comprises enclave-type assembly for export with major products being bedding, handicrafts, and electronic components. Prospects for economic growth in the medium term will continue to depend on income growth in the industrialized world, especially in the US, which accounts for slightly more than one-third of tourist arrivals. Jan Mayen is a volcanic island with no exploitable natural resources. Economic activity is limited to providing services for employees of Norway's radio and meteorological stations located on the island.
Electricity - consumption 97.89 million kWh (2001) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) -
Electricity - production 105.3 million kWh (2001) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Boggy Peak 402 m		 lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m


highest point: Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg 2,277 m
Environment - current issues water management - a major concern because of limited natural fresh water resources - is further hampered by the clearing of trees to increase crop production, causing rainfall to run off quickly NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements		 -
Ethnic groups black, British, Portuguese, Lebanese, Syrian -
Exchange rates East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7 (2002), 2.7 (2001), 2.7 (2000), 2.7 (1999), 2.7 (1998) (fixed rate since 1976) -
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General James B. CARLISLE (since NA 1993)


head of government: Prime Minister Lester Bryant BIRD (since 8 March 1994); Deputy Prime Minister Robin YEARWOOD


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general chosen by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general		 -
Exports NA (2001) -
Exports - commodities petroleum products 48%, manufactures 23%, machinery and transport equipment 17%, food and live animals 4%, other 8% -
Exports - partners France 68.5%, Germany 26.4%, Italy 1.2% (2002) -
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March -
Flag description red, with an inverted isosceles triangle based on the top edge of the flag; the triangle contains three horizontal bands of black (top), light blue, and white, with a yellow rising sun in the black band the flag of Norway is used
GDP purchasing power parity - $750 million (2002 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 3.9%


industry: 19.2%


services: 76.8% (2002)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $11,000 (2002 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 3% (2002 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 17 03 N, 61 48 W 71 00 N, 8 00 W
Geography - note Antigua has a deeply indented shoreline with many natural harbors and beaches; Barbuda has a very large western harbor barren volcanic island with some moss and grass
Highways total: 250 km (1999 est.) -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%		 -
Illicit drugs considered a minor transshipment point for narcotics bound for the US and Europe; more significant as an offshore financial center -
Imports NA (2001) -
Imports - commodities food and live animals, machinery and transport equipment, manufactures, chemicals, oil -
Imports - partners France 23.4%, Germany 14.2%, US 13.2%, Poland 9.8%, South Korea 8.3%, Singapore 5%, UK 4.4% (2002) -
Independence 1 November 1981 (from UK) -
Industrial production growth rate 6% (1997 est.) -
Industries tourism, construction, light manufacturing (clothing, alcohol, household appliances) -
Infant mortality rate total: 20.9 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 25.14 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 16.44 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)		 -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 0.4% (2000 est.) -
International organization participation ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 16 (2000) 13 (Jan Mayen and Svalbard) (2000)
Irrigated land NA sq km 0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the Court of Summary Jurisdiction) -
Labor force 30,000 -
Labor force - by occupation commerce and services 82%, agriculture 11%, industry 7% (1983) -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 18.18%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 81.82% (1998 est.)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (1998 est.)
Languages English (official), local dialects -
Legal system based on English common law the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (17-member body appointed by the governor general) and the House of Representatives (17 seats; members are elected by proportional representation to serve five-year terms)


elections: House of Representatives - last held 9 March 1999 (next to be held prior to March 2004)


election results: percent of vote by party - ALP 53.2%, UPP 45.5%, independent 1.3%; seats by party - ALP 12, UPP 4, independent 1		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: 71.31 years


male: 68.99 years


female: 73.75 years (2003 est.)		 -
Literacy definition: age 15 and over has completed five or more years of schooling


total population: 89%


male: 90%


female: 88% (1960 est.)		 -
Location Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east-southeast of Puerto Rico Northern Europe, island between the Greenland Sea and the Norwegian Sea, northeast of Iceland
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Arctic Region
Maritime claims contiguous zone: 24 NM


continental shelf: 200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM		 contiguous zone: 10 NM


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 4 NM
Merchant marine total: 816 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 5,135,866 GRT/6,648,143 DWT


ships by type: bulk 16, cargo 474, chemical tanker 8, combination bulk 3, container 255, liquefied gas 10, multi-functional large-load carrier 6, petroleum tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 8, roll on/roll off 35


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Australia 1, Bangladesh 2, Belgium 3, Colombia 1, Cuba 1, Estonia 1, Germany 747, Greece 1, Iceland 8, Latvia 1, Lebanon 2, Lithuania 1, Netherlands 22, New Zealand 2, Portugal 1, Slovenia 6, South Africa 1, Sweden 2, United Kingdom 1, United States 7 (2002 est.)		 -
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of Norway
Military branches Royal Antigua and Barbuda Defense Force, Royal Antigua and Barbuda Police Force (including the Coast Guard) -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% -
National holiday Independence Day (National Day), 1 November (1981) -
Nationality noun: Antiguan(s), Barbudan(s)


adjective: Antiguan, Barbudan		 -
Natural hazards hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October); periodic droughts dominated by the volcano Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg; volcanic activity resumed in 1970
Natural resources NEGL; pleasant climate fosters tourism none
Net migration rate -6.19 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) -
Political parties and leaders Antigua Labor Party or ALP [Lester Bryant BIRD]; Barbuda People's Movement or BPM [Thomas H. FRANK]; United Progressive Party or UPP [Baldwin SPENCER] (a coalition of three opposition parties - United National Democratic Party or UNDP, Antigua Caribbean Liberation Movement or ACLM, and Progressive Labor Movement or PLM) -
Political pressure groups and leaders Antigua Trades and Labor Union or ATLU [William ROBINSON]; People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Hugh MARSHALL] -
Population 67,897 (July 2003 est.) no indigenous inhabitants


note: personnel operate the Long Range Navigation (Loran-C) base and the weather and coastal services radio station (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 0.64% (2003 est.) -
Ports and harbors Saint John's none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations AM 4, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998) AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA


note: there is one radio and meteorological station (1998)
Railways total: 77 km


narrow gauge: 64 km 0.760-m gauge; 13 km 0.610-m gauge (used almost exclusively for handling sugarcane) (2001 est.)		 -
Religions Christian, (predominantly Anglican with other Protestant, and some Roman Catholic) -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female


total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2003 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: good automatic telephone system


international: 1 coaxial submarine cable; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); tropospheric scatter to Saba (Netherlands Antilles) and Guadeloupe		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 28,000 (1996) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 1,300 (1996) -
Television broadcast stations 2 (1997) -
Terrain mostly low-lying limestone and coral islands, with some higher volcanic areas volcanic island, partly covered by glaciers
Total fertility rate 2.28 children born/woman (2003 est.) -
Unemployment rate 11% (2001 est.) -
Waterways none none
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